Emkhakheni wokumba uwoyela, ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ekujuleni komhlaba, kubalulekile ukusungula uhlelo lokuvimbela izinhlekelele. Enye yezinhlelo ezinjalo ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha iRam Blowout Preventer (BOP).
I-Ram Blowout Preventer (BOP) iyithuluzi lokuphepha elisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubhoboza, ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza ngokuncibilika ukuze kulawulwe ingcindezi yokubhoboza kahle ekusebenzeni kwendawo kawoyela. Empeleni, ivalvu enkulu, esebenza ngamanzi akha isivalo ezungeze ipayipi lokubhoboza noma i-casing, evimbela ukukhishwa okungalawuleki kukawoyela noma igesi emthonjeni.
I-Ram Blowout Preventer (BOP) ifinyelela lokhu kulawula ingcindezi ngokuvala izinqama zayo ukuze zivale amashubhu okubhoboza / asebenzayo, umgodi ovulekile noma ukugunda amashubhu okumba ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokumba. Ngesikhathi sokumba okuvamile, i-Ram Blowout Preventer inokucindezela okuncane noma akukho kwangaphakathi.Kodwa-ke, uma i-drill bit ingena ephaketheni likawoyela noma igesi elinomfutho ophezulu, izinqama ze-BOP zingavalwa ukuze umfutho ophezulu ubuyisele uketshezi lwamanzi (okuthi ingcindezi isisinqobile isisindo sodaka lokumba) ngeke iphume emthonjeni.Lapho kuqhunyiswa, iRam BOP icushwa ngokushesha, futhi izinqama zayo ziyavuvukala. kutshalwe ukubophela phansi ipayipi lokubhoboza noma i-casing, kuvale kahle umthombo. Lesi senzo simisa ukuhamba kwama-hydrocarbon futhi sivimbela isigameko esingaba yinhlekelele.
Ukuchitheka kukawoyela we-Deepwater Horizon ngo-Ephreli 20, 2010 kusebenza njengesikhumbuzo esiqinile sokubaluleka kwezinqamuleli zokushaywa umoya. Nakuba i-BP izame ukwenza i-rig blowout preventer (BOP) isebenze), idivayisi ayizange isebenze kahle. Ukwehluleka kwe-BOP ku-Deepwater Horizon rig kuholele ekuchithekeni kukawoyela okukhulu kakhulu emlandweni, okudale umonakalo osabalele endaweni ezungezile futhi kudle izigidigidi zamaRandi emizamweni yokuhlanza.
Ngokuphambene, izimo lapho ama-Ram BOPs asebenze njengokuhlosiwe abonisa ukusebenza kwawo kahle ekuvimbeleni ukuqhuma. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuqhunyiswa komthombo we-Macondo, i-Ram BOP yavala umthombo ngempumelelo, igwema isimo esingase sibe yinhlekelele. Kafushane, i-Ram Blowout Preventer (BOP) iyisisekelo sokuphepha nobuqotho ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi yokumba uwoyela. Ngokuhlinzeka ngezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa zokulawula ingcindezi enempilo, ama-Ram BOPs anciphisa ubungozi bokuqhunyiswa nokuvikela ezinhlekeleleni ezingaba khona. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, imboni kawoyela kufanele ihlale izibophezele ekubekeni phambili ukuphepha kanye nokutshala imali ezinhlelweni eziqinile zokuvimbela ukushaywa kwe-BOP njenge-Ram BOP.
I-PWCE, umkhiqizi owaziwayo e-China, inikeza izitayela ezahlukene ze-Ram Blowout Preventer (BOP), ehlanganisa ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu nezintengo ezincintisana kakhulu.Okwamanje, i-PWCE igxile ezinhlotsheni ezine ezilandelayo ze-Ram Blowout Preventer:

Ikhwalithi Ephakeme Yokusakaza Inqama ye-BOP S Uhlobo lwe-Ram BOP

Uhlobo lwe-S lwe-Ram BOP luhlinzeka ngokuvala okuhle ngezilawuli ezilula zokugcina uketshezi lokumba emgodini lapho kushaywa umoya. I-Ram BOP yohlobo lwe-S inokusebenza okuphezulu nokwethembeka, yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izimo zokumba ezinzima. Uhlobo lwe-S lwe-Ram BOP luhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nentuthuko yedizayini ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okuphakeme komthombo wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibhorekayo ezinkulu neziphakeme. inqubo yeukugcina ingcindezi yomthombo kanye nokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa uketshezi ngesikhathi sokushaywa umoya.

 

Thayipha i-U API 16A BOP Double Ram Blowout Preventer

Uhlobo lwe-U API 16A BOP Double Ram Blowout Preventer iwuhlobo lwenqama olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-BOP emhlabeni, iplathifomu, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphansi kolwandle emhlabeni wonke.Uhlobo lwe-U Double Ram Blowout Preventer luklanyelwe ukukhulisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kuyilapho kwenziwa lula ukunakekela. Ingcindezi ye-Wellbore isebenza ku-tizinqama zokwandisa amandla okuvala futhi zigcine uphawu uma kulahleka ingcindezi ye-hydraulic. Ubuqotho bophawu buyathuthukiswa by kwenyusa ingcindezi ye-wellbore.

 

 

Thayipha i-T-81 Blowout Preventer For Well Control System

I-Type T-81 Blowout Preventer ihlangene, ingasindi, futhi ifaneleka ngokuphelele ukuseviswa kahle, ukusebenza kanzima, kanye nezinhlelo zokubhola zokubhoboza ezincane. Umklamo wayo unikeza ukusebenza okulula nokugcinwa okuphansi. Kunamapuleti aseceleni amabili amiswe ngokuphambene nomzimba we-BOP ngamabhawudi. Inqama izoshintshwa ngokuvula i-side plate.

 

 

I-Blowout Preventer Shaffer Type Lws Double Ram BOP

Izinqamuli zokuqhunyiswa kwe-LWS bezilokhu ziyi-Shaffer Ram Preventers ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ziye zahlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokulawula ingcindezi embonini yokumba. Uhlobo lwe-'LWS' lwe-RAM BOP luyisivindi sokuvuthela esilula esiklanyelwe ukugcinwa lula nempilo ende. Ilungele ukubhoreka okuncane kanye nezicelo zengcindezi ephansi yokusebenza. Uhlobo lwe-'LWS' lwe-RAM BOP luhlinzeka ngokusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa nomklamo walo olula kodwa oqinile. Yenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, inikeza ukumelana okuphawulekayo nokugqwala nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokwethembeka.